Russia+and+Japan-+Industrialization+Outside+the+West

1. What was the Decemberist uprising? What were its causes and effects? The Decemberist uprising was a revolutionary movement lead by Western-influenced military officers. However, the movement was unsuccessful and led to further crackdowns by tsar Nicholas I on political freedoms. It ushered in a period of Russian history that was marked by revolution and major discontent among the peasantry. 2. What were the weaknesses of the Russian economy? The Russian economy was based mostly off of agriculture that relied on hordes of suppressed labor rather than modern farming techniques. The underdeveloped manufacturing sector also lagged behind Western Europe in terms of technological achievement as well. This led to Russian reform... but the size and scope of the economy, not efficiency was the hallmark of Russian economic power. 3. What caused the Crimean War? what were its major effects? The Crimean War was a war fought between Britian + France and Russia in the Black 4. Why were serfs emancipated? how did their emancipation differ from the emancipation of slaves in the U.S.? What changes did it create? 5 What were the Zemstvoes? How successful were they? 6. What was the significance of the Trans-Siberian railroad? 7. What economic reforms were enacted by Sergei Witte 8. What were the signs that Russia was headed to revolution? (think about - intelligentsia, anarchists, Marxists, Bolsheviks.)
 * Russia**

1. Explain major developments in Japan in the early 1800's In the 1800s, Japan became exposed to Western ideas of economy and efficiency i.e. Dutch studies (in terms of economic techniques and military power). This led to major economic reform within Japan (overseen mostly by new bureaucratic Japanese government. They also adopted political, military, and financial reforms, allowing them, for a period of time, to be stronger than their neighbors China. 2. What effect did the actions of Commodore Perry have on Japan? (include details on Samurai discontent) Commodore Perry, through Western military power, opened up Japan to US trade (two ports) --> accelerated Japanese discontent with strict isolation ---> Daimyos + Samurai were opposed to new concessions b/c it meant a decline in their own influence in Japan. 3. List the actions taken by the Meiji State The Meiji State: - abolished the samurai class - tax reform - imitiated western forms of govt. - human rights (freedom of religion) - universal education - civil service exams - new military structure - social class boundaries broken down - new parliamentary structures - made more democratic (although only 5 percent of men could elect representatives. 4. Explain how Japan Industrialized - (Private and government roles) New banks provided capital for eager industrialist entrepeneurs... new Western knowledge of agricultural and manufacturing techniques. 5. List ways that Industrialization changed Japan 6. What division within Japanese society were created by modernization?
 * Japan: Transformation without Revolution**